Understanding GLP-1 Medications 

This blog is written and brought to you by Sranita Devarasetty, MD at Family Practice Center

If you’ve been researching medical weight loss, you’ve likely come across GLP-1 medications. These treatments have transformed the way healthcare providers approach weight management by helping patients address one of the biggest challenges in weight loss— food noise. 

While GLP-1 medications can be highly effective, they aren’t the right choice for everyone. Understanding how they work, who qualifies, and what to expect can help you make an informed decision about whether they’re the right option for you. Below are answers to some of the most common questions we receive. 

What is a GLP-1? 

GLP-1 stands for Glucagon-Like Peptide-1. It is a hormone that your body naturally produces after you eat.  

GLP-1 medications mimic this natural hormone, helping your body better regulate appetite and food intake. Some newer medications also target another hormone called GIP (glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide) such as Zepbound and Mounjaro, which may provide additional benefits for weight loss and blood sugar control. 

How Does a GLP-1 Work? 

GLP-1 medications work in several ways: 

  • Reduce appetite and cravings 
  • Help you feel full longer after meals 
  • Slow the emptying of your stomach 
  • Improve blood sugar regulation 
  • Reduce overeating by affecting appetite centers in the brain 

These combined effects often make it easier to eat smaller portions, make healthier food choices, and maintain a calorie deficit without feeling constantly hungry. 

For the best results, GLP-1 medications should be combined with healthy nutrition, regular physical activity, quality sleep, and lifestyle changes. 

What Are Some Common Side Effects? 

Like any medication, GLP-1 treatments may cause side effects, especially during the first few weeks as your body adjusts. 

Common side effects include: 

  • Nausea and Vomiting 
  • Constipation 
  • Diarrhea 
  • Heartburn or indigestion 
  • Decreased appetite 
  • Bloating 
  • Fatigue 

Most side effects improve over time and can often be minimized by slowly increasing the dosage, eating smaller meals, staying hydrated, and avoiding high-fat or greasy foods. Over-the-counter medications such as Prilosec, Tums, and Pepcid can help if you are facing side effects that are not improving with lifestyle changes. 

Although uncommon, serious side effects can occur such as small bowel obstruction and pancreatitis. Your healthcare provider will review your medical history and discuss potential risks before starting treatment. 

Who Should Not Take a GLP-1 Medication? 

GLP-1 medications are not appropriate for everyone. You may not be a candidate if you have: 

  • A personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) 
  • Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Syndrome Type 2 (MEN2) 
  • A history of severe allergic reactions to GLP-1 medications 
  • Pregnancy or plans to become pregnant 
  • Active pancreatitis or certain pancreatic disorders 
  • Certain severe gastrointestinal conditions 

Am I a Good Candidate? 

You may be a good candidate if you: 

  • Have a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 30 or greater 
  • Have a BMI of 27 or greater with weight-related health conditions such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol, prediabetes, or type 2 diabetes 
  • Have struggled to lose weight through diet and exercise alone for a minimum period of 6 months 
  • Are committed to making long-term lifestyle changes 
  • Do not have medical conditions as stated previously that make GLP-1 therapy unsafe 

How Do You Differentiate Between the Brands? 

Numerous GLP-1 medications are on the market and are available. Pharmaceutical companies continue to research and develop new medications as well.  

Some medications are FDA-approved for diabetes management, while others are specifically approved for weight management. 

Differences between brands may include: 

  • Active ingredients 
  • Weekly versus daily dosing 
  • Amount of average weight loss seen in clinical trials 
  • Availability and cost 

 

GLP- 1 medications that are approved for Diabetes Management are: Ozempic, Mounjaro, Rybelsus, Victoza and Trulicty.  

GLP-1 medications that are approved for Weight Management are: Wegovy, Zepbound, Saxenda, Foundayo. 

Which GLP-1 Is the Most Effective For Weight Loss?  

At this time, tirzepatide (marketed as Zepbound® for weight loss) has demonstrated the greatest average weight loss in clinical studies. Unlike traditional GLP-1 medications, tirzepatide works by activating both the GLP-1 and GIP receptors—two natural hormones involved in regulating appetite, blood sugar, and metabolism. This dual action helps many patients experience greater reductions in hunger and more significant weight loss. 

Semaglutide (Wegovy®) is another highly effective option and has helped many patients achieve meaningful, long-term weight loss as seen below.  

On average, clinical trials have shown: 

  • Zepbound® (tirzepatide): Patients lost approximately 15–21% of their body weight. 
  • Wegovy® (semaglutide): Patients lost approximately 12–15% of their body weight. 
  • Saxenda® (liraglutide): Patients lost approximately 5–8% of their body weight. 

It’s important to remember that these are average results from clinical trials. Individual outcomes vary based on factors such as diet, exercise, consistency with medication, underlying health conditions, and adherence to your treatment plan. 

What Is the Medicare Bridge Program? 

The Medicare Bridge Program is designed to help eligible Medicare beneficiaries gain access to medically supervised weight management services. Patients are able to access GLP-1 medications for a flat $ 50/month if you meet medical eligibility criteria.  

Depending on the specific program offered by your healthcare practice, the bridge program may include: 

  • Medical weight loss evaluations 
  • Provider follow-up visits 
  • Nutrition guidance 
  • Lifestyle coaching 
  • Assistance navigating medication options and affordability programs 

Program details can vary, so it’s important to discuss available options with your provider. 

Am I Eligible? 

Eligibility depends on several factors, including: 

  • Having Medicare Part D coverage 
  • Your current health conditions 
  • Your Body Mass Index (BMI) 
  • Whether you meet medical criteria for treatment 

A consultation with one of our healthcare providers is the best way to determine your eligibility and discuss which treatment options may be available to you. 

Note: A prior authorization is required when enrolling in the Bridge Program. 

Ready to Take the Next Step? 

If you’re considering GLP-1 therapy, our team is here to help you understand your options and create a personalized treatment plan that supports your long-term health goals. 

Schedule a consultation today to find out whether GLP-1 treatment is right for you. Together, we’ll develop a comprehensive weight management plan that fits your lifestyle and helps you achieve lasting results!